One of the main objectives for each region of our country is a well education of the younger generation capable to continue the subsequent development of the state and society. For providing this task it is necessary to consider a set of factors among which questions of protection of the rights and legitimate interests of the child have huge value. The Republic of Bashkortostan makes considerable efforts in this direction. Now the standard and legal basic concepts in the sphere of protection of the children rights are constantly improved and actively develop. The most serious measures for development of the sphere of providing and protection of the children rights are taken in Bashkortostan and the appropriate state programs develop. The analysis of fundamental normative documents, including various state programs is carried out, problem aspects in various spheres of activity of a child are defined. It is noted that the purposes of the state family policy of the republic are: support, strengthening and protection of a family and values of a family life, creation of necessary conditions for performance by a family of her functions, improvement of quality of life of families and ensuring rights of her members. For improvement of the sphere of providing and protection of the rights of the child in Bashkortostan it is offered: to take all possible measures for reduction of number of children in residential care; to seek for improvement of system of services in family support and specialized services of the help to children; to pay special attention to work with the families staying on the registry for timely identification of violations of children rights; to take complex measures to eradication of child abuse; to carry out large-scale information work about the bodies and the organizations which are carrying out protection of the rights of children.