Changes in Russian society, optimization of the activities and quality functioning of the penal enforcement system, the presentation of high demands on the personality of the employee led to the search for solutions to the problems of training highly qualified personnel for the penal enforcement system. The proposed theoretical model of the development of moral and volitional qualities of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service is based on key theoretical positions that form the basis of the implemented complex of psychological conditions for the development of moral and volitional qualities of cadets at the stage of educational and vocational training at the university. The considered model takes into account the specifics of the organization of professional training of future employees of the Federal Penitentiary Service. The theoretical model of the development of moral and volitional qualities of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service is aimed at the formation of professional self-awareness of future employees of the penitentiary system through their acceptance of universal and professional values, awareness of their own personal and professionally important qualities, as well as the formation of motivation for their improvement. The model presents a schematic step-by-step movement from the set goal to the expected result, describes the mechanisms of psychological pedagogical support of the educational process.